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呼和浩特寻求代孕|还原泰国试管真实费用情况和详细的试管流程

发布时间:2023-07-01点击:451次

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如果有一天,你可以选择生育一个小“爱因斯坦”,也可以生育一个智商普通的孩子,你会做出什么样的选择?据科学家预计,未来10年内,人类将可以使用试管婴儿技术选择“最聪明”的胚胎。

Genetics research, conceptual artwork. CHINA DAILY

Couples undergoing IVF treatment could be given the option to pick the “smartest” embryo within the next 10 years, a leading US scientist has predicted.

据美国一名权威科学家预计,未来10年之内,做试管婴儿的夫妇将能够选择“最聪明”的胚胎。

IVF:in vitro fertilization 体外受精联合胚胎移植技术,又称“试管婴儿”

Stephen Hsu, senior vice president for research at Michigan State University, said scientific advances mean it will soon be feasible to reliably rank embryos according to potential IQ, posing profound ethical questions for society about whether or not the technology should be adopted.

美国密歇根州立大学主管科研的副校长徐道辉(斯蒂芬·徐)说,科学进步意味着人类不久就能够对胚胎的潜在智商给出可靠的评分,这项技术是否应该使用将是一个深刻的社会伦理问题。

Hsu’s company, Genomic Prediction, already offers a test aimed at screening out embryos with abnormally low IQ to couples being treated at fertility clinics in the US.

徐道辉的基因组预测公司已经为在美国不孕不育诊所接受治疗的夫妇提供了一项检测服务,旨在筛查出智商异常低的胚胎。

“Accurate IQ predictors will be possible, if not the next five years, the next 10 years certainly,” Hsu told the Guardian. “I predict certain countries will adopt them.”

徐道辉对《卫报》记者说:“准确的智商预测是可能的,即使不是未来5年内,那么在未来10年内也肯定可以。我预计一些国家会采纳这项技术。”

The prospect of a new generation of genetically selected babies has prompted concerns about unintended medical consequences and the potential for deepening existing social inequalities. The science underpinning the claim that intelligence can be meaningfully predicted by genetic tests is also contentious.

新一代基因选择婴儿的前景引发了人们对于意外医疗后果和现有社会不平等可能加剧的担忧。基因检测能够有效预测智商的科学技术也引发了争议。

contentious [kn'tens]:adj.有异议的,引起争论的

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Peter Donnelly, a professor of statistical science at the University of Oxford, said any such IQ predictions should be treated with “huge caution”, adding: “I have grave misgivings about it on ethical grounds. I think it’s a really bad idea.”

牛津大学统计学教授彼得·唐纳利说,应该“十分谨慎”地对待此类智商预测。他说:“出于伦理原因,我对此非常担忧。我认为这是一个非常糟糕的想法。”

Since the 1990s, couples undergoing IVF have been able to screen their embryos for mutations in single genes that cause serious diseases such as cystic fibrosis, as well as conditions like Down’s syndrome, caused by chromosome abnormalities.

自上世纪90年代以来,接受试管受精的夫妇已经能够对他们的胚胎进行筛选,以发现单个基因的突变,这些突变会导致严重的疾病,比如囊性纤维化,以及染色体异常导致的唐氏综合征等。

呼和浩特寻求代孕|还原泰国试管真实费用情况和详细的试管流程

chromosome ['krmsm]:n.染色体

Many other traits, including height, physical appearance, intelligence and disease susceptibility, are known to be partly heritable. But because the genetic component is spread thinly over hundreds or even thousands of DNA regions, it has previously been impossible to screen for these traits.

许多其他特征,包括身高、外貌、智力和疾病易感性,都被认为是部分遗传的。但由于遗传组分稀疏地分散在数百甚至数千个DNA区域,以前不可能对这些特征进行筛选。

In the past decade, as vast genetic databases have been established, this picture has changed. Through analyzing many genes, each making a tiny contribution, it has been possible to calculate what are called polygenic risk scores, which give a person’s likelihood of getting a particular disease or having a certain trait.

在过去的十年里,随着大量基因数据库的建立,这种情况已经发生了改变。通过分析大量基因,每个基因都做出了微小的贡献,就有可能计算出所谓的多基因风险评分,即一个人患某种特定疾病或具有某种特征的可能性。

polygenic[,pli'denik]:adj.多基因的

Genomic Prediction is the first company to take embryo screening into this grey area of risk forecasting, offering to alert couples if an embryo has an “outlier” score for risk of cancers, diabetes, heart disease, dwarfism or low IQ.

基因组预测公司是第一家将胚胎筛查纳入风险预测这一灰色地带的公司。如果胚胎在癌症、糖尿病、心脏病、侏儒症或智商低下等风险方面的评分“异常”,它就会提醒做筛查的夫妇。

outlier ['atla]:n.(统计)异常值

Medical staff put clothes on the newborn test-tube baby at a hospital in Xi'an, Northwest China's Shaanxi province. [Photo/Xinhua]

Prediction for IQ is not good enough to give a reliable ranking, but Hsu said that knowing an embryo has a low score could still be desirable.

智商预测目前还不足以给出可靠的评分,但徐道辉表示,如果一个胚胎的智商评分较低,人们可能还是很想知道。

“Maybe the bottom 1% embryo will grow up to be a great person … even be a scientist, but the odds are against it,” he said. “I honestly feel if we can calculate that score and find a real negative outlier there’s an ethical responsibility for us to report that.”

徐道辉说:“也许评分最低的1%的胚胎长大后会成为一个优秀的人……甚至成为一名科学家,但这种可能性很小。我真的觉得,如果我们能计算出这个评分,发现它低得十分异常,那么我们就有道德责任予以告知。”

The company projects that once high-quality genetic and academic achievement data from a million individuals becomes available, expected to be within five to 10 years, it will be able to predict IQ to within about 10 points.

该公司预计,在5至10年内,一旦100万人的高质量基因和学术成就数据可用,它将能够预测智商,误差在10分以内。

Hsu is reticent about whether screening for high intelligence would be ethically justified, saying: “Let me just decline to answer that at the moment.”

徐道辉不愿评论高智商筛查是否符合伦理标准,说“目前我拒绝回答这个问题”。

reticent ['rets()nt]:adj.沉默的;有保留的

In some countries, such as Singapore, there is likely to be a high level of public acceptance and demand for such tests, he suggested. “I think the overwhelming majority would say yes, absolutely, parents should be allowed to do that,” he said. “Before you write your piece, you might just want to think that a billion people on the other side of the world might have a different view.”

徐道辉说,在一些国家,比如新加坡,公众对此类检测的接受度和需求可能会很高。他说:“我认为绝大多数人肯定会赞成允许父母这样做。在你写这篇报道之前,也许应该想想地球另外一端的10亿人可能有不同的看法。”

Whether such tests will become available in the UK would depend on approval from the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA).

这种检测方法能否在英国实施将取决于英国人工授精与胚胎学管理局的批准。

“If the HFEA decides that it’s not right for the UK, I will respect that,” Hsu said, but predicted that “rich people from the UK will fly to Singapore” if they are unable to get the tests locally.

他说:“如果英国人工授精与胚胎学管理局认为这对英国不合适,我会尊重这个决定。”但他预测,如果英国富人无法在当地进行这项检测,“他们会飞到新加坡去做的。”

Some in the UK take the view that prospective parents have a right to access such tests. “I don’t think people should be deprived of that knowledge,” said Prof Simon Fishel, the founder of Care Fertility.

在英国,一些人认为未来的父母有权进行此类检测。生育关怀组织的创始人西蒙费舍尔教授说:“我认为不应该剥夺人们的这种知情权。”

Fishel questioned whether there is any ethical difference between picking an embryo ranked highest for IQ or sending a child to a private school. “What’s wrong with ranking an embryo if you can rank a child?” he said. “I think there are plenty of people who’d choose embryo Oxford [rather] than embryo A-level failure.”

费舍尔质疑挑选智商最高的胚胎和送孩子去私立学校之间是否存在伦理上的差异。“如果你能给孩子评分,那给胚胎评分又有什么错呢?”他说。“我认为有很多人会选择未来能考取牛津的胚胎而不是无法通过英国中学高级水平考试的胚胎。”

In practice, though, couples often have only a few embryos to choose from. And there are concerns about unintended consequences. For instance, there is some evidence linking higher polygenic scores for academic ability to higher likelihood of autism.

但实际上,夫妇们通常只有几个胚胎可供选择。此外,人们还担心会出现意想不到的后果。例如,有证据表明,学术能力的多基因得分越高,患自闭症的可能性就越大。

The technology is controversial, but that does not mean it will not gain acceptance in the future, Hsu said, drawing parallels with the reaction to IVF in its early days.

徐道辉说,这项技术存在争议,但这并不意味着它在未来不会被接受,这与早期人们对体外受精的反应类似。

“The IVF pioneers … were called monsters, Frankenstein doctors; it was predicted that these babies would have health problems,” he said. “I am actually reassured by that. IVF is completely normalized now. Everyone who is pointing their finger at [Genomic Prediction] now should go back and read those articles.”

他说:“试管婴儿的先驱被称为怪物,弗兰肯斯坦医生。当时人们预测这些婴儿会有健康问题。实际上,我对此很放心。试管受精现在已经完全正常化。现在,所有指责(基因组预测)的人都应该回去读读那些文章。”

3. 男方备孕前一个月适当减少运动,少烟酒。(多吃一些对男方精子有帮助)

4. 订机票时间:在女方月经的前一天订好往返机票(出发时间到返回时间28天就可以了),并将机票的回执单据打印出来,在曼谷机场做落地签的时候一定要提供(旅游签证最佳)。

5. 男方可以定于女方月经第10天到达曼谷的机票

三:到达泰国后流程

女方在月经第二天到医院做以下检查1. 女方检查项目

血常规 (CBC)

血型 (Bl Gr)

正负血型 (Rh Gr)

爱滋病病毒 (Anti HIV)

血红蛋白 (Hemoglobin typing)

梅毒血清测试 (VDRL)

乙型肝炎 (Rubella IgG)

女方在月经第三天开始做以下流程:

2 男方的常规检查项目精液分析(如精液结果遗传需要反复查2-3次,精液分析结果严重异常者需要加查性激素、精浆生化、Y染色体微缺失、精子DNA完整性)、血常规。RH血型。

四.选择性别(男女),PGD健康筛选.

若对性别有指定要求,在受精结果出来的当天(月经的第13天或14天)就可以做PGD(检查先天性缺陷,例如白血病、地中海贫血症,唐氏综合症等)及性别筛选.胚胎质量级别(A.B.C)及性别,染色体报告会在送检第4天出结果.医院会按当事人的意愿冷冻胚胎(有效期5年内可植入)或植入相应胚胎。保证100%性别指定,健康优质婴儿.(杜绝先天不足)

五.植入期---按性别男女植入胚胎,单胎或多胎植入

按当事人意愿植入相应性别的胚胎,选择(A级或B级)高质量级别胚胎植入1-2个胚胎(除当事人特殊要求外). 若不希望生育多胞胎,就只植入一个胚胎。植入成功后休息2个小时就可回家休息等待胚胎著床。多餘高级别胚胎按当事人意愿冷冻备份(5年内可植入)。单胞胎和多胞胎都有可能,希望单胎就只能放入一个胚胎。

六.重要的胚胎著床期

胚胎植入后回到家,一定不要做什麼活动。躺床休息,除上洗手间解手外其餘时间躺床休息。移植后的48小时内,尽量多躺,还要尽量保持平躺配合医师指示注射或是使用黄体素栓剂,使胚胎着床稳定。不要在床上大力翻身或大力起床,起身时先侧身用手支撑身体再起来.48小时后至5天内尽量小活动,可以起床走走。5天著床后到11天验孕期间不要做劳动量大的活动。植入第11天验血确定是否怀孕!尽量休息是首要,{植入著床期休息指引和餐饮指引}可以提高著床机率。

七.验孕期(确定怀孕进入安胎期)

植入第11天,回医院验血确定是否怀孕(也可回中国大陆做这个检查)。如果确定怀孕就进入安胎期.如果没有怀孕,可以调理好身体后再次进行植入(冷冻胚胎备份)。确定怀孕,保持心情开朗,开心进入安胎期。

八.试管的费用

通常去做泰国试管婴儿费用主要分为医疗费用和生活费用2个大类,当然了还有一些其他费用,另外,不同的患者所花的费用也是因人而异的。包括夫妻双方来回的机票、在泰国疗程期间的食宿、交通、翻译等;以及在医院的治疗费用(检查、促排卵、取卵取精、体外受精、胚胎培育、基因筛查、胚胎移植等)。由于在泰国不同的生活水平也决定着费用的不同,一般情况下费用差不多在3-5万左右,主要是根据患者个人的选择来决定这一块。夫妻双方来回机票6千左右,还有翻译、接送机.....

治疗费用虽然不同医院收费不同,但差异也不大(以下数据大家可以参考):

[图片]

1、检查费用:男方检查费用6000泰铢,女方15000泰铢。(抗体和染色体检查17000泰铢)

2、药物、促排卵监测费用:60000——120000泰铢。

3、取卵+IVF/ICSI费用:110000——130000。

4、PGS 24对染色体筛查费用:90000泰铢(1~8个胚胎)。

5、胚胎移植费用:35000——45000泰铢。

除此之外可能还有冷冻胚胎费用以及冻胚管理费用,取精费用,以及保胎药物,验孕费用等等。因此做一次泰国试管婴儿各个阶段需要多少钱,都得看每个阶段的具体情况。二代和三代的医疗费用是不同的,总的医疗费用在7~10万左右,生活费用在4~6万左右,有不同的住宿环境,费用相对于也不同。而且不同的筛查方式和筛查的胚胎数量也会造成费用的差异。

(本文来自:百度宝宝知道 试管了么)

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